socket简单实例的不同语言实现

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先描述一个场景：服务端监听8888端口，接收客户端发送来的消息，服务端打印客户端地址后，把接收到的消息原样发回客户端，客户端收到服务端发回的消息后打印出来。使用socket的TCP和UDP分别实现一个。下面看不同语言下都是怎么实现的。

C实现

TCP

tcp-server.c

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#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
int main()
{
	int listenfd;
	int connfd;
	int len;
	struct sockaddr_in servaddr;
	struct sockaddr_in cliaddr;
	int sin_size;
	char buf[BUFSIZ];
	memset(&servaddr, 0, sizeof(servaddr));
	servaddr.sin_family = AF_INET;
	servaddr.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(INADDR_ANY);
	servaddr.sin_port = htons(8888);
	listenfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
	bind(listenfd, (struct sockaddr *)&servaddr, sizeof(servaddr));
	listen(listenfd, 10);
	sin_size = sizeof(cliaddr);
	connfd = accept(listenfd, (struct sockaddr *)&cliaddr, &sin_size);
	printf("accept client %s\n", inet_ntoa(cliaddr.sin_addr));
	len = recv(connfd, buf, BUFSIZ, 0);
	send(connfd, buf, len, 0);
	close(connfd);
	close(listenfd);
	return 0;
}

tcp-client.c

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#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
int main()
{
	int connfd;
	int len;
	struct sockaddr_in servaddr;
	char buf[BUFSIZ];
	memset(&servaddr, 0, sizeof(servaddr));
	servaddr.sin_family = AF_INET;
	servaddr.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr("127.0.0.1");
	servaddr.sin_port = htons(8888);
	connfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
	connect(connfd, (struct sockaddr *)&servaddr, sizeof(servaddr));
	send(connfd, "hello", strlen("hello"), 0);
	len = recv(connfd, buf, BUFSIZ, 0);
	printf("receive: %s\n", buf);
	close(connfd);
	return 0;
}

UDP

udp-server.c

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#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
int main()
{
	int sockfd;
	int len;
	struct sockaddr_in servaddr;
	struct sockaddr_in cliaddr;
	int sin_size;
	char buf[BUFSIZ];
	memset(&servaddr, 0, sizeof(servaddr));
	servaddr.sin_family = AF_INET;
	servaddr.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(INADDR_ANY);
	servaddr.sin_port = htons(8888);
	sockfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0);
	bind(sockfd, (struct sockaddr *)&servaddr, sizeof(servaddr));
	sin_size = sizeof(cliaddr);
	printf("wait for a packet\n");
	len = recvfrom(sockfd, buf, BUFSIZ, 0,
		(struct sockaddr *)&cliaddr, &sin_size);
	printf("receive packet from %s\n", inet_ntoa(cliaddr.sin_addr));
	sendto(sockfd, buf, len, 0,
		(struct sockaddr *)&cliaddr, sizeof(cliaddr));
	close(sockfd);
	return 0;
}

udp-client.c

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#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
int main()
{
	int sockfd;
	int len;
	struct sockaddr_in servaddr;
	int sin_size;
	char buf[BUFSIZ];
	memset(&servaddr, 0, sizeof(servaddr));
	servaddr.sin_family = AF_INET;
	servaddr.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr("127.0.0.1");
	servaddr.sin_port = htons(8888);
	sockfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0);
	sin_size = sizeof(servaddr);
	len = sendto(sockfd, "hello", strlen("hello"), 0,
		(struct sockaddr *)&servaddr, sin_size);
	recvfrom(sockfd, buf, BUFSIZ, 0,
		(struct sockaddr *)&servaddr, &sin_size);
	printf("receive packet: %s\n", buf);
	close(sockfd);
	return 0;
}

Java实现

TCP

TcpServer.java

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import java.net.*;
import java.io.*;
public class TcpServer {
	public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
		ServerSocket server = new ServerSocket(8888);
		Socket socket = server.accept();
		String ip = socket.getInetAddress().getHostAddress();
		System.out.println(ip);
		InputStream is = socket.getInputStream();
		byte[] buf = new byte[1024];
		is.read(buf, 0, buf.length);
		String info = new String(buf);
		OutputStream os = socket.getOutputStream();
		byte[] data = info.getBytes();
		os.write(data, 0, data.length);
		socket.close();
		server.close();
	}
}

TcpClient.java

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import java.net.*;
import java.io.*;
public class TcpClient {
	public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
		Socket socket = new Socket("127.0.0.1", 8888);
		OutputStream os = socket.getOutputStream();
		byte[] data = "hello".getBytes();
		os.write(data);
		InputStream is = socket.getInputStream();
		byte[] buf = new byte[1024];
		is.read(buf, 0, buf.length);
		String reply = new String(buf);
		System.out.println(reply);
		socket.close();
	}
}

UDP

UdpServer.java

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import java.net.*;
public class UdpServer {
	public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
		DatagramSocket server = new DatagramSocket(8888);
		byte[] buf = new byte[1024];
		DatagramPacket packet = new DatagramPacket(buf, buf.length);
		server.receive(packet);
		String info = new String(buf, 0, packet.getLength());
		InetAddress address = packet.getAddress();
		int port = packet.getPort();
		byte[] data = info.getBytes();
		packet = new DatagramPacket(data, data.length, address, port);
		server.send(packet);
		server.close();
	}
}

UdpClient.java

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import java.net.*;
public class UdpClient {
	public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
		InetAddress address = InetAddress.getByName("127.0.0.1");
		int port = 8888;
		byte[] data = "hello".getBytes();
		DatagramPacket packet = new DatagramPacket(data, data.length, address, port);
		DatagramSocket client = new DatagramSocket();
		client.send(packet);
		byte[] buf = new byte[1024];
		packet = new DatagramPacket(buf, buf.length);
		client.receive(packet);
		String reply = new String(buf, 0, packet.getLength());
		System.out.println(reply);
		client.close();
	}
}

Python实现

TCP

tcp-server.py

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import socket
s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
s.bind(('', 8888))
s.listen(8)
conn,addr = s.accept()
print addr[0]
buf = conn.recv(1024)
conn.send(buf)
conn.close()
s.close()

tcp-client.py

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import socket
s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
s.connect(('127.0.0.1',8888))
s.send('hello')
data = s.recv(1024)
print data
s.close()

UDP

udp-server.py

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import socket
s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_DGRAM)
s.bind(('',8888))
data,addr = s.recvfrom(1024)
s.sendto(data, addr)
s.close()

udp-client.py

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import socket
s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_DGRAM)
s.sendto('hello', ('127.0.0.1',8888))
data = s.recv(1024)
print data
s.close()

总结

不同语言实现相同功能，从代码量来看，肯定是python最少。为减轻工作量，有必要学习python。